Te Tai – Treaty Settlement Stories

Bibliography

Broughton , R. (1979). Ko Ngaa Paiaka O Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi the Origins of Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi [Master's thesis]. Te Herenga Waka –Victoria University of Wellington.

Broughton, R. (1983). The Origins of Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi (English translation). Department of Māori Affairs, Government Printer, Wellington. 

New Zealand Government. (2003, November 27). Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Deed of Settlement. Office of Treaty Settlements, Wellington.

New Zealand Government. (2003, November 27). Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi: third Taranaki settlement signed.

Image references

Korekau.

Video sources

[Taranaki Maunga file footage]. (n.d.). [Videographer unknown]. Te Puna Umanga Venture Taranaki, New Plymouth. (01:31)

Wilcox, Julian, (Reporter). (2002, May 17). Nga Rauru. [Agreement In Principle signing between Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi and the Crown at Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara on 16 May, 2002. The story was broadcast on 17 May, 2002]. Te Karere, Television New Zealand, Auckland. (02:02)

Bibliography

Broughton , R. (1979). Ko Ngaa Paiaka O Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi the Origins of Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Kiitahi [Master's thesis]. Te Herenga Waka –Victoria University of Wellington.

Broughton, R. (1983). The origins of Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi (English translation). Government Printer, Wellington.

Gloyne, P. (host). (2020). Iwi o te Wiki - Ngā Rauru. [Audio podcast episode 148]. In Taringa, Te Wānanga o Aotearoa, New Zealand.

Hiroa, Te Rangi. (aka Sir Peter Buck). (1949). The coming of the Māori / Te Rangi Hiroa. (The NZETC epub edition.).

Kahukura, M. (Reporter & Director), Apiti, M. (Producer). (2010, 18 July). The tribal history of Taranaki. (Part 1 of 3) [TV series episode]. In Maxwell, P (Executive Producer), Waka Huia. TVNZ.

Kahukura, M. (Reporter & Director), Apiti, M. (Producer. (2010, 18 July). The tribal history of Taranaki. (Part 2 of 3) [TV series episode]. In Maxwell, P (Executive Producer), Waka Huia. TVNZ.

Kahukura, M. (Reporter & Director), Apiti, M. (Producer). (2010, 18 July). The tribal history of Taranaki. (Part 3 of 3) [TV series episode]. In Maxwell, P (Executive Producer), Waka Huia. TVNZ.

Kīngi, T. (2005, 8 February). 'Ngā Rauru ancestors', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

Kīngi, T (2005, 8 February). 'Ngā Rauru Kītahi - Early history', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

Smith, S. P. (1910) History and Traditions of the Maoris of the West Coast North Island of New Zealand prior to 1840 / by S. Percy Smith. Capper Press.

Smith, S. P., & Polynesian Society. (2009). History and traditions of the Maoris of the West Coast, North Island of New Zealand, prior to 1840. (The NZETC epub edition.)

Tautahi, H & Taipuhi, W. (1900). ‘Ko 'Aotea' Waka. Te Haerenga Mai A Turi Ki Aotea-roa Nei, Na Hetaraka Tautahi Raua Ko Werahiko Taipuhi.’ Journal of the Polynesian Society, Volume 9, Number 4, p 200-233.

Tautahi, Hetaraka fl 1897: Notes on Maori history, lore etc. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand, Wellington.

Temara, P. (2000). 'Broughton, Rangiāhuta Alan Herewini Ruka', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

Image references

Salmond, Anne, (1976). Hui: a study of Māori ceremonial gatherings. [Photograph taken by Jeremy Salmond of Ruka Broughton speaking in a public forum]. Auckland: A. H & A. W. Reed. Penguin Random House. (02:37)

The Evening Post. (1980, February 21). Portrait of Ruka Broughton (1940-1986). [Photograph]. [Tohunga, Anglican priest and university lecturer, of Ngati Rauru, taken by an unknown photographer and published in the Evening Post 21 February 1980]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand, Wellington. (02:44)

Video credits

Broughton, Ruka, (1979). Ko Nga Paiaka o Nga Rauru Kiitahi.Master of Arts thesis, Victoria University, Wellington. (02:49)

Winter, Marcus, (2023). He Putanga Ariki Ko Rauru / The Emergence of a Paramount Chief, Rauru.The Sandman. Auckland, New Zealand.(00:02)

Bibliography

Adds, P. (2005). Te Āti Awa of Taranaki - War and a kind of peace. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. [New Zealand Statutes, 1863. Pg 19-23].

Bauchop, H. (1992, June). The Wars and Iwi Losses - Taranaki 1860-70: A Summary. [Unpublished report; Wai 143]. Waitangi Tribunal, Wellington.

Belich, J. (1989) I shall not die: Titokowaru’s War, New Zealand 1868–9. Allen & Unwin/Port Nicholson Press, Wellington.

Belich, J. (2010). Cameron, Duncan Alexander. Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. [First published in 1990, updated November, 2010]. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

Buchanan, R. (2009). The Parihaka Album: Lest We Forget. Huia Publishers, Wellington, New Zealand.

Church, I. (1990). Tama-i-parea, Āperahama. Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

Cowan, J. (1922, December 16). Letter from James Cowan to Horace Fildes. (The NZETC epub edition).

Cowan, J. (1922, June 14). Letter from James Cowan to Horace Fildes. (The NZETC epub edition).

Cowan, J. (1955) The New Zealand Wars: A History of the Maori Campaigns and the Pioneering Period: Volume I: 1845–1864. (The NZETC epub edition).

Cowan, James. (1956). The New Zealand Wars: A History Of The Maori Campaigns And The Pioneering Period: Volume II: The Hauhau Wars, 1864–72. (The NZETC epub edition).

Cowan, J. (1987). A Patriotic Chant. — Hold Fast The Land. In Legends of the Maori, Volume 1, Pg 294. (The NZETC epub edition).

Fletcher, W. H. F. (2016). Cross Claims and the Obligations of the Crown under the Treaty of Waitangi. [LLB Honours thesis]. Te Herenga Waka, Victoria University, Wellington.

Harris, A. (1993). An Iniquitous Job?: Acquisition of the Waitotara Block by the Crown. [Wai 143, I20]. Waitangi Tribunal, Wellington, New Zealand.

Houston, J. (1946). Mobile Unit - Taranaki Maori. RNZ Collection, New Zealand Broadcasting Service, Mobile Recording Unit.

Ministry for Culture and Heritage. (2021, October 21). The 1865 Campaign.

New Zealand. Office of Treaty Settlements. (2002). Agreement in Principle for the Settlement of Ngā Rauru Kiitahi Historical Claims. Office of Treaty Settlements, Wellington.

O'Leary, J. (2014). Too Good To Be True? – Race, Class, Massacre and the Bryce v Rusden Libel Case. Journal of New Zealand Studies NS17, 2-20 (pdf).

Papers Relative To The Purchase Of The Waitotara Block, In The Province Of Wellington. (1863). Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives (AJHR), E-15.

Park, M E. (2012). John Elder Moultray (1865-1922). History Painter or Historical Journalist? [Masters thesis]. Victoria University, Wellington.

Parsonson, A. (1991, November). The Purchase of Maori Land in Taranaki, 1839-59. [Unpublished report, Wai 143, Al(a)]. Waitangi Tribunal, Wellington.

Pehimana. (2023, December 22). In Wikipedia.

Suppression of Rebellion Act 1863. (1863). Creighton, R. J. & Scales, A., Government Printers, Auckland.

Taylor, R. (1855). Te Ika a Maui, or New Zealand and its Inhabitants. Wertheim and Macintosh, London. (The NZETC epub edition).

Taylor, R. (Rev.). (1856-1859). Journal Volume 10. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand, Wellington.

The New Zealand Settlements Act, 1863. (1863, November 17). The Press, Christchurch.

Waitangi Tribunal. (1996). The Taranaki Report: Kaupapa Tuatahi (Wai 143). Legislation Direct, Wellington.

Waitangi Tribunal. (2015). He Whiritaunoka: The Whanganui Land Report, Volume 1 (Wai 903). Legislation Direct, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.

Whanganui District Council. (n.d.). Whanganui District Marae Information, Register Item No. 17, Taipakē Marae, Hapū: Ngāti Pūkeko; Ngāti Iti; Tamareheroto. [Marae Information Sheet].

Handley’s Woolshed

Bryce v. Rusden. (1886, May 1). Evening Post, Volume XXXI, Issue 101. [Supplement to Evening Post]. Wellington.

Renwick, W. (1993) Who Was Rusden and Does it Matter? Stout Centre Review, Vol. 3 No. 4.

Rusden, G. W. (1819 - 1903). (1883) History of New Zealand. Chapman and Hall, London; G. Robertson, Melbourne, Australia. [Vol I on NZETC]; [Vol II on NZETC]

Rusden, G. W. (1888). Aureretanga: Groans of the Maoris. (First published in 1888, updated 2006). (The NZETC epub edition). New Zealand Electronic Text Collection.

Sole, Laraine. (1990). The Affair At Handley’s Woolshed - Bryce vs Rusden. The way we were: the settlement of Maxwell and Waitotara, 1850-1930. Waverley-Aotea Rotary Club, Waverley.

Wanganui Herald. (1883, June 8). [A settler who was in the affray at Handley's woolshed writes: "I notice two versions in the Chronicle of the Nukumaru affair, taxing Uru with being a slanderer. Uru's version is a little wrong, but nearer the truth than that of the others. I should have given my version of the affair through the Press if the others had given their names."]. Volume XVII, Issue 5082, 8 June 1883, Pg 2.

Who is Uru Te Angina? (1883, June 8). Wanganui Herald, Volume XVII, Issue 5082, Pg 2.

Deeds

Belich, J. (1990). Tītokowaru, Riwha - Titokowaru, Riwha. Dictionary of New Zealand Biography (first published in 1990, updated April, 2011). Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

Church, I. (1990). Tama-i-parea, Āperahama. Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

Ministry for Culture and Heritage. (2018, February 5). Ngā tohu – treaty signatories.

Orange, C. (1987). The Treaty of Waitangi. Allen & Unwin, Port Nicholson Press with assistance from the Historical Publications Branch, Dept. of Internal Affairs, New Zealand.

Orange, C. (2012, June 20). Te Tiriti o Waitangi – the Treaty of Waitangi. (First published 20 June 2012, reviewed & revised 28 Mar 2023 with assistance from Claudia Orange). Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand,

Simpson, M., & O'Biso, C., (1990). Ngā Tohu o te Tiriti: Making a Mark. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand, Wellington.

Story of Taiporohenui. (1932, November 26). Hawera Star. Hawera, South Taranaki.

Turton, H. Hanson. (1839, November 16). Deed No.421, Whanganui Block purchase of New Zealand Land Company, in Maori Deeds of Old Private Land Purchases in New Zealand, From the Year 1815 to 1840, with Pre-Emptive and Other Claims. Pg 395.

Turton, H. Hanson. (1863, July 4). Waitotara-Okehu Block, Whanganui District, in Maori Deeds of Land Purchases in the North Island of New Zealand: Volume Two, Pg 245. [Te Reo]. George Didsbury, (published in 1878).

Turton, H. Hanson. (1863, July 4). Waitotara-Okehu Block, Whanganui District, in Maori Deeds of Land Purchases in the North Island of New Zealand: Volume Two, Pg 246. [English translation]. George Didsbury, (published in 1878).

Ward, A. (1990). McLean, Donald. Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

Image references

Album of an officer [en route to and from New Zealand and on service in New Zealand, 1863-1867]. (1865, May 25). [Pencil drawing]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (28:32)

Cowan, James. (1870-1943). (circa 1860). Head and shoulders portrait of Reverend Richard Taylor. [Photograph]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (17:42)

Davis, W. H. (circa 1850). Portrait of Sir Donald McLean and Douglas McLean. [Photograph]. MTG Hawkes Bay, Kuru Taonga: Voices of Kahungunu. (15:55)

Donald McLean, Chief Land Purchase Commissioner. (1853). [Photograph]. [Photographer unknown].Reference: 1/2-005166-G. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand, Wellington. (14:45)

[11 identified. From left to right; Major Durie, Kemp, Hori Kerei, Pai Pai, Horopapara, Tanekore, Mrs Piumona, Pehimana Te Tawa, Teretiu Purakau, Pirimona Te Kahu, Aperahama Tamaiparea, Jenkins and others]. (1850-1900). [Photographer unknown]. Part of the William Henry Thomas Partington photography collection, 1891-1908; Whanganui. [Photograph]. (18:30)

General Sir Duncan A. Cameron (d.1888), GCB. [Oil painting on canvas]. [Artist unknown]. The Black Watch Castle & Museum, Perth, Australia. (23:05)

Glasgow Museums. (1839, October 25). First Scottish Colony for New Zealand, Bengal Merchant. [Photo print]. Copyright People's Palace Museum, Glasgow Green [ca 1981]. Reference: Eph-C-IMMIGRATION-1839-01. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (12:34)

Gold, Charles Emilius (1809-1871). (1860). 65th Regiment at Camp Waitara, Taranaki, New Zealand, 1860. [Watercolour]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (19:35)

Gordon, William Francis Robert. (1885, March 22). Riwha Tītokowaru at Mangaone Kāinga near New Plymouth. [Sketch]. New Plymouth, Taranaki. (28:00)

Grocer, M. Somerville. (1857). New Zealand Pound, 1857 b. [bronze coin]. [Photograph]. Posted by Jerry “Woody”. Retrieved March 10, 2009 from Flickr) (15:32)

Hamley, Joseph Osbertus, (1820-1911a). Waitotara in 1865. [Painting]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand. (21:46)

Hamley, Joseph Osbertus, (1820-1911b); Williams, Edward Arthur, (1824-1898). (1865). [March on the beach between Wanganui and Taranaki. A stroll on the beach, Mount Egmont in the distance after marching all night. Wanganui Campaign. 16 February 1865]. [Painting]. Hocken Pictorial Collections, University of Otago, New Zealand. NB: Reference: E-047-q-038. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (23:16)

Harding, William J. (1826-1899). (1865). Maori captives from Weraroa Pā at Rutland Stockade, Queen's Park, Whanganui. [Photograph]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (32:41) 

Heaphy, Charles. (1820-1881). (1841). View of Nelson Haven in Tasman's Gulf, New Zealand, including a part of the site of the intended town of Nelson 1841. [Watercolour]. [Drawn in November 1841 by C. Heaphy, Draftsman to the New Zealand Company].  Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand. Wellington. (13:02)

Lindauer, Gottfried. (1882). Kiingi Taawhiao Matutaera Pootatau Te Wherowhero. [Oil on canvas]. [Gift of Mr H E Partridge, 1915]. Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki. Accession no: 1915/2/18. (17:49)

Māori captives, members of the Hauhau religion captured at Weraroa Pā, Waitōtara, South Taranaki District, under guard on board a prison hulk in Wellington Harbour. (1866a). [Photograph]. [Photographer unidentified]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (26:38)

 Māori captives, members of the Hauhau religion, under guard on board a prison hulk in Wellington Harbour. (1866b). [Photograph]. [Photographer unidentified]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand, Wellington. (27:13)

McDonald, J. (n.d.). The Battle at Te Ngutu-o-te-Manu, 7 September 1868. [Painting]. Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga Archives New Zealand, Wellington.(28:17)

Meade, Herbert George Phillip (Lieutenant). (1842-1868). (1865, January 27). Pai Mārire karakia at Tataroa, Waikato. [Watercolour]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington.

Moultray, John Elder. (1869a). The Affair at Handley’s Woolsheds. [Painting]. Fine New Zealand & Foreign Paintings and Prints, Webb's, Auckland. (30:13)

Moultray, John Elder. (1869b). The Ambuscade at Okehu Creek. [Painting]. Important Paintings & Contemporary Art, Art+Object, Auckland. (29:33)

Mundy, Daniel Louis. (circa 1860). Sir George Grey. [Painting]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand. Wellington.(23:28)

New Zealand Company. (1841). New Zealand Company Coat of Arms. [Image]. [Incorporated By Royal Charter, A.D. 1841]. Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga Archives New Zealand, Wellington. / (11:37)

New Zealand Post Archives. (1940). Stamp of NZ Company settlers arriving in Pito-one (Petone), 1840. [Stamp]. [NZ Post Office: History - Centennial: Landing of Immigrants, Petone - 3d]. Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga Archives New Zealand, Wellington. (12:52)

Portrait of Sir Donald McLean. [Photograph]. (n.d.). [Photographer unknown]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (16:00)

Reverend Richard Taylor. [Photograph]. (1860-1873). [Photographer unknown]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington.(17:14)

Roijaards, W. M. Van Erpers. (1855). Negative of Rev. Richard Taylor, son Basil and Hoani Wiremu Hipango. [Photograph]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (17:23)

Smith, William Mein, (1841, September). Town of Petre on the Wanganui River in 1841. [Painting]. Te Whare o Rehua, Collection of the Sarjeant Gallery, Whanganui. (11:44)

Stamp of NZ Company settlers arriving in Pito-one (Petone), 1840. (1940). [Stamp]. [Artist unknown]. Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga Archives New Zealand, Wellington. (12:52)

Tallis, J. & Company. (1851). Old Map of New Zealand, 1851. [Map]. Tallis and Rapkin, London and New York. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (13:09)

Taylor, Richard. Rev. (1805-1873). (1870, 3 December). Attributed works: The Rev. Richard Taylor's, Putiki, Wanganui. [Watercolour sketch]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (17:34)

Te Keepa Te Rangihiwinui, also known as Major Kemp, in military uniform. (1876). [Photograph]. [Photographer unknown]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (25:42)

Te Ua Haumene, who founded the Hauhau religion. (circa 1860’s). [Photograph]. [Photographer unknown]. Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa. (23:51)

Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand; Te Rua Mahara o te Kāwanatanga Archives New Zealand. (2022). He Tohu Exhibition:  A declaration. A treaty. A petition. Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand. Wellington. (10:30)

Turton, H. Hanson. (1879, October 30).  Whanganui Block - Deed No. 421. Maori Deeds of Old Private Land Purchases in New Zealand, From the Year 1815 to 1840, with Pre-Emptive and Other Claims, 394-395. Victoria University, Wellington. (12:09)

Waitangi Tribunal. (2015). Whanganui Block Maps, Volume 1. He Whiritaunoka: The Whanganui Land Report (Report No. WAI903). Waitangi Tribunal Report. Legislation Direct. 240-241. (13:31 / 13:40)

Ward, John. (Secretary, New Zealand Company). (1839, June 15). Free Passage - Emigration to New Zealand. [Newspaper advertisement]. Auckland City Libraries Ngā Pātaka Kōrero o Tāmaki Makaurau, Sir George Grey Special Collections, Auckland, New Zealand.(12:44)

Watkins, Kennett. (1847-1933). Death of Von Tempsky painting at Te Ngutu-o-te-Manu, 1868. [Painting]. [Kennett Watkins’ romanticised painting of the death of Gustavus von Tempsky during a battle against ‘New Zealand’s 19th-century wars]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (28:29)

Williams, Edward Arthur. (1824-1898). Picket at Nukumaru, 30 January 1865. [Watercolour sketch]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand, Wellington.(24:04)

William Spain. [Photograph]. (n.d.). [Photographer unknown]. Auckland City Libraries Ngā Pātaka Kōrero o Tāmaki Makaurau, Auckland, New Zealand. Retrieved 05 March, 2024 from Te Ara. (11:29) 

Woolnoth, Alfred, (1849 - 1897). Tauranga Ika [sic] Pah (Pā). [Sketch]. [Copied from a sketch taken on the spot by one of the Kai Iwi troopers the day after the capture of the pā; copied by A. Woolnoth]. Edinburgh, Scotland. NB: Christopher Maling could be the original artist as he was at the skirmish on 25 January, 1869. Woonoth was not. (32:25)

Bibliography

Department of Conservation. (2017, August 30). Planting with Ngā Rauru Kiitahi Iwi.

Hill, R. S. (2012, June 20). Ngā Whakataunga Tiriti: Treaty of Waitangi settlement process, (First published 20 June 2012, updated 1 Apr 2023). Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

Hill, R. S. (2009). The Fiscal Envelope and its Consequences, in Maori and the State: Crown-Maori Relations in New Zealand/Aotearoa. (The NZETC epub edition).

Keane, B. (2011, May 5). Whāngai and the law. (First published 5 May 2011, updated 1 June 2017). Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

McDowell, Tiopira. (2018, November 21). Diverting the Sword of Damocles: Why Did the Crown Choose to Settle Māori Historical Treaty Claims? Australian Journal of Politics & History, 64(4):592-607.

Ministry of Justice. (2023, September 4). About the Waitangi Tribunal.

New Zealand Government. (2003, November 27). Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Deed of Settlement. Office of Treaty Settlements, Wellington.

New Zealand Government. (2003, November 27). Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi: third Taranaki settlement signed.

New Zealand Government. (2006, December 9). Act sets end date for lodging Treaty claims.

Poipoia Ltd. (2018, December 6). Cultural Values, Cultural Impacts Assessment. Whanganui District Council, Whanganui.

Public Access New Zealand Inc. (2000, October 16). Wai 772 (Consolidated with Wai 143). Mandating Process and Nga Ariki Lands and Fisheries claim. [Neilson, Gary Potonga. (1999, January 26]. Archives, Treaty Claims Register Claims, 250 to 499.

Radio NZ. (2019, March 27). New deal with Sealord 'founded on tikanga Māori'. https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/385723/new-deal-with-sealord-founded-on-tikanga-maori

Tauranga Ika Marae Trustees for South Taranaki District Council. (2017, April). Nukumaru Station Road Extension: Ngāti Ruaiti Cultural Impact Assessment, Appendix 8: Technical Report. Whanganui District Council, Whanganui.

Te Ohu Kaimoana. (n.d.) Settlement History. Wellington.

Te Puni Kōkiri, Ministry of Māori Development. (2015, February). Sealord. Kōkiri, Issue 31.

Parliamentary Counsel Office. (1992). Treaty of Waitangi (Fisheries Claims) Settlement Act 1992. Wellington.

Waitangi Tribunal. (2017, June 16). Past, present & future of the Waitangi Tribunal. Ministry of Justice, Wellington.

Image references

Davis, T. & M. (2003, November 27). [Carolyn Miri Young, Hon. Margaret Wilson, Minister In Charge of the Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations, Mike Neho, Te Pahunga Marty Davis signing the Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Deed of Settlement in Maatangireia at Parliament]. Wellington. (48.26)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.a). [David Tapsell, Belly Gully legal researcher, Derek Brooks, and Ngapari Nui listening intently to the koorero at Ihupuku Marae]. Waitootara. (40.53)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.b). [ - , Joe Ashford]. (43.37)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.c). [Joe Ashford, Pootonga Nielson, Raukura Naani Waitai, Mere Wakefield, Ruka Broughton at Taurangaika Marae]. Nukumaru. (38.19)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.d). [Julian Broughton at Ihupuku Marae addressing the consultation hui]. Waitootara. (40.43)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.e). [Kui Raupo McGregor at Ihupuku Marae, Waitootara]. (43.29)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.f). [Kui Raupoo McGregor, Renee Ngarongo Pirikahu, Nan Pirikahu, Aunty Margaret Davis, Wattie Davis at a consultation hui at Ihupuku Marae. Waitootara]. (38.10)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.g). [Leanne Hamilton-Wiari, Joan Hamilton, Nan Pirikahu, and Alan Davis at a consultation hui at Ihupuku Marae]. Waitootara. (42.23)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.h). [Renee Ngarongo Pirikahu sitting; Mike Neho addressing the hui at Ihupuku Marae]. Waitootara. (43.27)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.i). [Te Huia Bill Hamilton, Mike Neho, Carolyn Miri Young leading a consultation hui at Paakaraka Marae]. Paakaraka. (38.16)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.j). [Te Pahunga Marty Davis with Belly Gully legal researcher sitting across from Crown staff during negotiations at the Ministry of Justice, Wellington]. (44.33)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.k). [Te Pahunga Marty Davis, Hon. Margaret Wilson, Minister In Charge of the Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations, Joe Ashford, Wattie Davis, Te Huia Bill Hamilton, Bell Gully legal researcher at the Ministry of Justice, Wellington]. (44.36)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.l). [Wattie Davis and Yvette McGregor at Ihupuku Marae]. Waitootara. (42.17)

Houston, John, (1891-1962). (1965). Image of Te Hokorima Wakarua (1883-1936). Māori Life In Old Taranaki. [Photograph]. [Photographer unknown]. A. H. & A. W. Reed, Wellington. Image retrieved from video footage (at 1’03”) on Facebook, 07 March 2024(34:14)

Video credits

McDonald, Michael (Director), Torley, Frank (Producer). (1979). Ika Te Kararoa.Traditional Māori Fishing. [Country Calendar], Television New Zealand. (33:19)

Wilcox, Julian, (Reporter). (2002, May 17). Nga Rauru. [Agreement In Principle signing between Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi and the Crown at Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara on 16 May, 2002. The story was broadcast on 17 May, 2002].]. Te Karere, Television New Zealand, Auckland. (51:22)

Bibliography

2013 Census Individual Iwi Profile: Ngā Rauru. (2014, August 19). Statistics NZ, Wellington.

Hill, R. S. (2009). The Fiscal Envelope and its Consequences, in Maori and the State: Crown-Maori Relations in New Zealand/Aotearoa. Victoria University Press, Wellington. (The NZETC epub edition).

Hill, R. S. (2012, June 20). Ngā Whakataunga Tiriti: Treaty of Waitangi settlement process. (First published 20 June 2012, updated 1 Apr 2023). Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

Keane, B. (2010, 11 March). Te Māori i te ohanga – Māori in the economy. Te Puni Kōkiri, Wellington. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

McDowell, Tiopira. (Dec 2018) Diverting the Sword of Damocles: Why Did the Crown Choose to Settle Māori Historical Treaty Claims? Australian Journal of Politics & History, 64(4):592-607.

New Zealand Government (2003, November 27). Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi: third Taranaki settlement signed.

New Zealand Government. (2005, July 17). Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Paepae Rangatira Accord.

New Zealand Government. (2005, July 17). Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Rights to First Refusal Deed.

New Zealand Government. (2020, August 7). Relativity adjustment for Waikato-Tainui and Ngāi Tahu. Wellington.

Poipoia Ltd. (2018, December 6). Cultural Values, Cultural Impacts Assessment. Whanganui District Council.

McLachlan, Leigh-Marama. (Māori News Correspondent). (2019, March 27). New deal with Sealord 'founded on tikanga Māori'. Radio NZ, Wellington.

Tauranga Ika Marae Trustees for South Taranaki District Council. (2017, April). Nukumaru Station Road Extension: Ngaati Ruaiti Cultural Impact Assessment, Appendix 8: Technical Report. Whanganui District Council, Whanganui.

Te Arawhiti The Office for Māori Crown Relations. (2020, October 20). Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi claims settlement right of first refusal. Wellington, New Zealand.

Te Ohu Kaimoana. (n.d.) Settlement History.

Te Whata. (2018). Ngā Rauru: Tāngata.

Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu. (2017, December 19), Understanding Relativity.

Image references

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16a). [An esteemed paepae, including Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi, Whanganui, Ngaati Ruanui, Ngaaruahine speakers, at the signing of the Agreement in Principle, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. [An assortment of images taken at the signing]. (58.20)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16b). [Close up black & white image of John Maihi’s hand on top of his tokotoko at the signing of the Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi AIP. Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (58.30)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16c). [Crown staff preparing documents for signing of the AIP, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (58.36)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16d). [Documents inside folder ready for the AIP signing. Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (58.44)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16e). [Mike Neho signing the Agreement in Principle documents, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (1:17:16)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16f). [Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi paepae at the Agreement in Principle signing, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (1:17:20)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16g). [Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi uri witnessing the signing of the Agreement in Principle between the Crown and the Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi negotiation teams, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (1:17:12)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16h). [Pohutukawa tree at the front of Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (1:17:28)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16i). [People gathered under the poohutukawa tree, greeting each other with hongi. AIP signing, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (58.50)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16j). [Taituha Kiingi signing AIP documents, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (58.23)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16k). [Te Huia Bill Hamilton and Taituha Kiingi signing the AIP documents, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (1:17:37)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16l). [The Aotea and Te Riirino waka flags fly at the AIP signing, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (1:17:40)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16m). [The signing of the Agreement in Principle, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. [An assortment of black & white images]. (1:34:25)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16n). [The signing of the Agreement in Principle, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (1:17:07)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16o). [Wide angle shot of images taken at the AIP signing, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (1:17:33)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.a). [Andrew Hampton, Crown Negotiator; Mahara Okeroa, Member for Te Tai Tonga (Labour Party); Mike Neho, Iwi Negotiator]. (1:05:53)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.b). [Anne Taputoro, Bell Gully legal researcher, Mike Neho, Te Pahunga Marty Davis, and two staff from the Crown Negotiations team in Wellington]. (1:06:01)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.c). [Crown and Iwi negotiations teams hui in Wellington]. (1:07:54)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.d). [Crown and Iwi negotiations hui at Whanganui East Club, Whanganui. Michael Dreaver (independent contractor) with Crown negotiations team. Mike Neho, Danny Taamou, Perry Solomon, Anne Waitai, Turama Hawira, Raukura Naani Waitai, Carolyn Miri Young]. (1:05:33)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.e). [Crown negotiation team having lunch at Waikaramihi]. (1:05:30)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.f). [Hiria Tamarapa and Te Pahunga Marty Davis]. (1:04:54)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.g). [Iwi members and Crown negotiations teams. Mike Neho, - , Anne Taputoro, Te Huia Bill Hamilton, (Bell Gully legal researcher). Ministry of Justice, Wellington]. (1:05:38)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.h). [Iwi members, Crown negotiators and DOC staff sitting inside the bus ready to visit some Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi waahi tapu. Waitootara]. (1:05:19)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.i). [Maewa Broughton engaging in a hongi with Hon. Margaret Wilson, Minister In Charge of Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations]. Wellington. (1:04:34)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.j). [Margaret Davis, Joan Hamilton, Joe Ashford, Sonny Kauika-Stevens having kai at Ihupuku marae]. Waitootara. (1:10:24)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.k). [Marge Cunningham, Koro Nepia Nikorima, Carolyn Miri Young at a consultation hui at Ihupuku Marae]. Waitootara. (1:10:41)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.l). [Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi kuia pose with. Hon. Margaret Wilson, Minister In Charge of Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations and party. L to R: Kui Raupo MacGregor, Wiki Abraham, and Maewa Broughton]. Wellington. (1:04:39)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.m). [Poowhiri at first Paepae Rangatira hui, Ihupuku Marae]. Waitootara. (1:05:47)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.n). [Selwyn Te Ira (Bill) Kātene, Hon. Margaret Wilson, Minister In Charge of Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations, Mahara Okeroa, and Tariana Turia at the inaugural Paepae Rangatira hui at Ihupuku Marae]. Waitootara. (1:05:44)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.o). [Sienna Hamilton-Kaatene and Tamou whaanau and tamariki having kai at the Wellington consultation hui]. (1:10:30)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.p). [Sonny Kauika-Stevens, Carolyn Miri Young, Agnes Callaghan and Crown negotiations team on a field trip, visiting Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi waahi tapu]. (1:10:19)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.q). [Taituha Kīngi with DOC staff and Crown negotiation team at Nga Wai e Rua]. (1:05:56)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.r). [Taituha Kīngi with DOC staff and Crown negotiation team at Tapuaarau]. Waitootara. (1:05:27)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.s). [Taituha Kīngi with DOC staff and Crown negotiator at Waitootara Valley]. (1:05:22)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.t). [Te Huia Bill Hamilton, Desrae and mokopuna]. (1:10:50)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.u). [Te Huia Bill Hamilton; Pootonga Neilson; Mike Neho; David Tapsell of Bell Gully; Nan Pirikahu]. Wellington. (1:04:32)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.v). [Te Huia Bill Hamilton, Te Pahunga Marty Davis, and Bell Gully legal researcher]. (1:08:07)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.w). [Te Pahunga Marty Davis, John Clark, Te Huia Bill Hamilton, Andrew Hampton, Mike Neho, second Crown negotiator]. (1:07:58).

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.x). [Te Pahunga Marty Davis, Poki Joe Ashford, Wattie Waatene Davis, Ngaapari Nui]. Wellington. (1:04:51)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.y). [Te Pahunga Marty Davis standing in front of a packed bus ready to visit waahi tapu with Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi iwi, Crown negotiators and DOC staff]. Waitootara. (1:05:13)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.z). [Te Pahunga Marty Davis, Tuurama Harawira, Mike Neho at the Whanganui East Club]. Whanganui. (1:04:57)Davis, T. & M. (n.d.). Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi negotiations team gather at the Crown offices, Ministry of Justice, Wellington. (1:04:29)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.-a). [Te Pahunga Marty Davis with his mokopuna, Marunui Davis, next to him. Photo taken at the back of Taurangaika Marae prior to negotiations, circa 1999. Lynn Millar in the background, kaiaawhina at Te Reo Maimaia Te Kohanga Reo, Paakaraka Marae]. Paakaraka. (1:10:57)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.-b). [Whaanau at consultation hui in Wellington]. (1:10:41)

Davis, T. & M. (n.d.-c). [Winnie Finlay, Anne Taputoro with her tamariki]. (1:10:34)

[Mokopuna and other tamariki of Te Reo Maimaia Te Kohanga Reo singing waiata]. (n.d.). [Photographer unknown]. (58.36)

Office of Treaty Settlements. (2001). [Hongi between Te Pahunga Marty Davis and Hon. Margaret Wilson, Minister In Charge of the Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations]. Te Arawhiti The Office for Māori Crown Relations, Wellington. (1:14:47)

Te Kaahui o Rauru. (2023a). [A Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi tamaiti enjoying his VR headset experience. Whanganui]. (1:16:49)

Te Kaahui o Rauru. (2023b). [He Kaakano Indigenous Hub of Innovation and Technology launch following Paepae Rangatira/Te Mata O Te Here, 2023. Kelvin Davis, Minister for Māori Crown Relations: Te Arawhiti and Minister for Māori Development, Willie Jackson in attendance]. Whanganui. (1:16:18)

Te Kaahui o Rauru. (2023c). [He Kaakano Indigenous Hub of Innovation and Technology launch following Paepae Rangatira/Te Mata O Te Here, 2023. Kelvin Davis, Minister for Māori Crown Relations: Te Arawhiti and Minister for Māori Development, Willie Jackson]. Whanganui. (1:16:33)

Te Kaahui o Rauru. (2023d). [He Kaakano Indigenous Hub of Innovation and Technology launch with Te Kaahui o Rauru staff and Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi rangatahi]. Whanganui. (1:16:28)

Te Kaahui o Rauru. (2023e). [Macy Duxfield giving a presentation to Crown staff and manuwhiri]. Whanganui. (1:16:43)

Te Kaahui o Rauru. (2023f). [Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi members engaging with Te Kaahui o Rauru staff at He Kaakano Indigenous Hub of Innovation and Technology launch, Te Kaahui o Rauru office]. Whanganui. (1:16:23)

Te Kaahui o Rauru. (2023g). [Ngaareta Paatea giving a presentation to a crowd of Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi and Crown staff]. Whanganui. (1:16:55)

Te Kaahui o Rauru. (2023h). [Ngaareta Paatea talking to the Te Kura i Huna strategy]. Whanganui. (1:16:37)

Te Kaahui o Rauru. (2023i). [Patrick Woon, kaimahi for TKOR, keeping the crowd interested]. Whanganui. (1:16:59)

Video credits

Campbell, Jim. (n.d.). Amateur video footage shot from a helicopter flying over the Matemateaaonga Ranges. (n.d.). Department of Conservation, Whanganui. (1:13:30)

Molyneaux, Tini. (2003). Ngati Ruanui Treaty of Waitangi Deed of Settlement signing at Pariroa Marae, Kakaramea, South Taranaki. One News, TVNZ. (1:00:45)

[Pootonga Neilson interviewed by an uri at Lake Moumahaki]. [Videographer unknown]. (n.d.).Te Wairoa Iti. Waverley. (1:13:02)

Wilcox, Julian, (Reporter). (2002, May 17). Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi. [Agreement In Principle signing between Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi and the Crown at Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. [John Clarke, Crown translator]. Te Karere, Television New Zealand. AIP Signing (17 May 2002). Te Karere, Television New Zealand. (1:07:10)

Bibliography

Keane, B. (2010, March 11). Māori-owned assets in Te Māori i te ohanga – Māori in the economy. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

Poipoia Ltd. (2018, December 6). Cultural Values, Cultural Impacts Assessment. Whanganui District Council, Whanganui.

Hill, R. S. (2012, June 20). Ngā Whakataunga Tiriti: Treaty of Waitangi settlement process, (First published 20 June 2012, updated 1 Apr 2023). Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

Hill, R. S. (2009). The Fiscal Envelope and its Consequences, in Maori and the State: Crown-Maori Relations in New Zealand/Aotearoa.Victoria University Press, Wellington. (The NZETC epub edition).

McDowell, Tiopira. (2018, November 21). Diverting the Sword of Damocles: Why Did the Crown Choose to Settle Māori Historical Treaty Claims? Australian Journal of Politics & History, 64(4):592-607.

New Zealand Government (27 November 2003). Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi: third Taranaki settlement signed.

New Zealand Parliament. (2023, June 24), Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Claims Bill.

New Zealand Parliamentary Library. (2005, May 10). Bills Digest No.1266. Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Claims Settlement Bill 2004 (2005 No 245-2). [As reported from the Maori Affairs Committee]. Parliamentary Library, Parliament Buildings, Wellington, New Zealand.

New Zealand Government. (2020, July 16) Te Mata-o-te-Here. He Tatau Pounamu between Te Kaahui o Rauru and Her Majesty the Queen of New Zealand. Wellington.

New Zealand Government. (2004, December 9), Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Deed of Covenant by Te Kaahui o Rauru 9 Dec 2004.

New Zealand Parliament. (2005, February 8). Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Claims Settlement Bill — First Reading.

Te Arawhiti (n.d.). Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Deed of Settlement documents. Wellington.

Te Ohu Kaimoana. (n.d.) Settlement History. Wellington.

Te Puni Kōkiri, Ministry of Māori Development. (2015, February). Sealord. Kōkiri, Issue 31.

Treaty of Waitangi (Fisheries Claims) Settlement Act 1992.

Image references

Davis, T. & M. (circa 2000). [Images of Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi tamariki and mokopuna taken at the various consultation hui held throughout the country]. [Framed image]. (1:39:02)

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16). [Agreement in Principle, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. [Framed images]. (1:34:25)

Davis, T. & M. (2003, November 27a). [Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi uri signing the Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Deed of Settlement agreement]. [Framed image]. Maatangireia, Parliament, Wellington. (1:23:49)

Davis, T. & M. (2003, November 27b). [Hon. Margaret Wilson, Minister In Charge of Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations, Crown staff and Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi negotiations team sign the Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Deed of Settlement]. [Framed image]. Maatangireia, Parliament, Wellington. (1:33:53)

Davis, T. & M. (2003, November 27c). [Hon. Margaret Wilson, Minister In Charge of the Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations, Crown staff and Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi negotiations team sign the Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Deed of Settlement]. [Framed image]. Maatangireia, Parliament, Wellington. (1:22:33)

Davis, T. & M. (2003, November 27d). [Hon. Margaret Wilson, Minister In Charge of Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations, Crown staff and Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi uri signing the Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Deed of Settlement agreement]. [Framed image]. Maatangireia, Parliament, Wellington. (1:23:44)

Davis, T. & M. (2003, November 27e). [Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi uri witness the signing of the Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Deed of Settlement]. [Framed image]. Maatangireia, Parliament, Wellington. (1:22:36)

Davis, T. & M. (2003, November 27f). [Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi members witness the signing of the Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi Deed of Settlement]. [Framed image]. Maatangireia, Parliament, Wellington. (1:34:00)

Nicoll, Jared. (2011, June 29). Murray Smith takes election monitoring lead: Former Petone-based MP heads new trans-tasman organisation. [image of Murray Smith, United Future Party]. Hutt News, Stuff. Wellington. (1:29:19)

Office of Treaty Settlements. (2003, November 27). Hongi between Te Pahunga Marty Davis and Hon. Margaret Wilson, Minister In Charge of the Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations. [Framed image on the sand]. Te Arawhiti The Office for Māori Crown Relations, Wellington. (1:23:25)

Parliamentary TV On Demand. (2007a). [Image of Georgina Te Heuheu, National Party, speaking in the Debating Chambers at Parliament]. Wellington, New Zealand. (1:29:50)

Parliamentary TV On Demand, (2007b). [Image of Gerry Brownlee, National Party, speaking in the Debating Chamber at Parliament]. Wellington, New Zealand.(1:27:30)

Parliamentary TV On Demand, (2007c). [Image of Metiria Tuurei, Green Party, speaking in the Debating Chamber at Parliament]. Wellington, New Zealand. (1:28:05)

Parliamentary TV On Demand, (2007d). [Image of Mita Ririnui, Labour Party, speaking in the Debating Chamber at Parliament]. Wellington, New Zealand. (1:30:30)

Parliamentary TV On Demand, (2007e). [Image of Pita Paraone, New Zealand First Party, speaking in the Debating Chamber at Parliament]. Wellington, New Zealand. (1:27:35)

Parliamentary TV On Demand, (2007f). [Image of Stephen Franks, ACT Party, speaking in the Debating Chamber at Parliament]. Wellington, New Zealand. (1:27:51)

Video credits

Hemopo, Karley, (Reporter). (2005, April 07). Māori Select Committee hearing for the Ngā Rauru Deed of Settlement Bill. Te Kāea, Māori Television Service, New Zealand. (1:31:11)

Bibliography

2013 Census Individual Iwi Profile: Ngā Rauru. (2014, August 19). Statistics NZ, Wellington.

Te Whata ([2018]) Ngā Rauru: Tāngata.

Video credits

[Haawera Hawks vs Paatea Warriors rugby league game]. (2023, February 26). Hicks Memorial Park, Te Haawera, South Taranaki.

Bibliography

Ashworth, C. (2022, June 11). Iwi gain equal say over Taranaki Maunga in Treaty settlement. Local Democracy Reporting, Radio NZ, Wellington.

Coster, D. (2019, December 2). Egmont out, Taranaki Maunga in: agreement reached on mountain name change. Stuff.

New Zealand Government. (2017, December 20). Te Anga Pūtakerongo Record of Understanding. Wellington.

New Zealand Government. (2023, September 1). Taranaki Maunga - Te Ruruku Pūtakerongo - Collective Redress Deed. Wellington.

New Zealand Settlements Act 1863. (1863, December 3). Parliamentary Counsel Office Te Tari Tohutohu Pāremata, Wellington.

Ngaawhare-Pounamu, D. (2014). Living Memory and the Travelling Mountain Narrative of Taranaki. [Doctoral thesis]. Victoria University, Wellington.

Hoskin, Sorrel. (2005, April 12). https://terangiaoaonunui.pukeariki.com/all-stories/taranaki-stories/the-journey-of-mount-taranaki/. In Te Rangi Aoao Nunui. Puke Ariki, New Plymouth.

Smith, S. P. (1907, September). Chapter 1 - The Taranaki coast prior to 1840 in History and traditions of the Maoris of the west coast, North Island of New Zealand, prior to 1840. Journal of the Polynesian Society, Vol 16, No 3 (63), 1-47.

Taranaki Mounga, He Kawa Ora. (n.d). History. New Plymouth, Taranaki.

Image references

Atkins, Samuel. (1787-1808). (1794). HMS Endeavour off the coast of New Holland. [Painting]. National Library of Australia. (1:48:29)

Blythe, Peita. (2021). Native Birds Of New Zealand. [“I acknowledge the Traditional Owners of the lands in which I work and live. I pay respect to Elders past, present and emerging.”]. (1:48:29)

Clark, Russell Stuart. (1905-1966). (1964). Samuel Marsden's first service in New Zealand. [The Gospel of Jesus Christ first proclaimed on these shores by the Rev. Samuel Marsden at Oihi, Bay of Islands, Christmas Day, 1814]. Christchurch. N.Z. Church Missionary Society. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand, Wellington. (1:48:30)

Dance-Holland, Sir Nathaniel, (1775). Official Portrait of Captain James Cook. [Oil on canvas]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich. Retrieved 07 March, 2024, Wikipedia. (1:48:33).

Encyclopaedia Britannica. (n.d.). Sth Island Giant Female Moa - (Dinornis robustus). Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. Retrieved 02 March, 2024. (1:48:29)

Hudson, Thomas. (1759). John Perceval, 2nd Earl of Egmont. [Portrait]. Retrieved 07 March, 2024. Wikipedia.(1:48:42).

Harder, Heinrich (1858-1935) . (circa 1920). Moa birds being hunted by men with bow and arrows. [Painting]. Retrieved 07 March, 2024. Wikipedia. (1:48:29)

King, Marcus, (1891-1983). (1938). The signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, February 6th, 1840. [Oil on canvas]. Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand, Wellington. (1:48:29)

Linton, William James, (1812-1898). (1830-1839). Boats attacking whales. [Art print]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand, Wellington. (1:48:29)

McDonald, James, (1911-1956). Coat of Arms. Retrieved 19 October, 2022. (1:48:29)

McKellar, Georgina Burne. (aka Mrs Charles Hetley). (1832-1898). (1888, January 1). Botanical Drawings NZ Plants. Retrieved 07 March, 2024. (1:48:29)

Spencer, Anita. (2020). Two little penguins/kororā hiding in an alcove on Motunau Island, Canterbury. Te Papa Atawhai Department of Conservation, Wellington. (1:48:29)

Tupaia. (circa 1769). A Māori man and an Officer trading. [Watercolour self portrait]. British Library, London. (1:48:29)

Video credits

[Taranaki Maunga file footage]. (n.d.).[Videographer unknown]. Te Puna Umanga Venture Taranaki, New Plymouth. (1:47:14)

Waiata

Te Kaahui o Rauru recordings. (n.d.). Maunga Taranaki. [Composer unknown]. (1:47:17)

Te Kaahui o Rauru recordings. (n.d.). He Pikinga Poupou E. [I titoa e Ruka Broughton i roto i ngaa tau waru tekau. Composed by Ruka Broughton in the 1980’s]. (1:50:37)

Bibliography

Te Kaahui o Rauru. (n.d.). Our Marae. Whanganui.

2013 Census Individual Iwi Profile: Ngā Rauru. (2014, August 19). Statistics NZ, Wellington.

Te Whata. (2018). Ngā Rauru: Tāngata.

Kīngi, T. (2005). Ngā Rauru Kītahi. (First published 8 Feb 2005, updated 1 Mar 2017). Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

Tarawene, Tatara. (1937). E Waka E [waiata], on New Zealand Folk Song.

Whanganui District Council. (n.d.). Whanganui District Marae Information, Register Item No. 17, Taipakē Marae, Hapū: Ngāti Pūkeko; Ngāti Iti; Tamareheroto. [Marae Information Sheet].

Image references

Davis, T. & M. (1999-2003). [He maimai aroha ki raatou maa kua nunumi atu ki te poo e. A tribute to all those who have passed].

Davis, T. & M. (2002, May 16). [Te Huia Bill Hamilton and Taituha Kiingi signing the Agreement in Principle, Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara]. (1:55:35)

Haines, Bernard Gilpin, (1842). Meeting of Māori and Government officials at Weraroa Paa, on the Waitootara River, upstream from Waitootara, South Taranaki. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand, Wellington. (1:57:11)

Harding, William James, (1826-1899). (1865). Māori captives from Weraroa Pā at Rutland Stockade, Queen’s Park, Whanganui. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand, Wellington. (1:57:26)

Māori captives, members of the Hauhau religion, captured at Weraroa Pā, Waitōtara, South Taranaki District, under guard on board a prison hulk in Wellington Harbour. (1866). [Photograph]. [Photographer unidentified]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (1:57:15)

Māori captives, members of the Hauhau religion, under guard on board a prison hulk in Wellington Harbour. (1866). [Photograph]. [Photographer unidentified]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library of New Zealand, Wellington. (1:57:21)

Portrait of Hetaraka Tautahi. (circa 1897). [Photograph]. [Revered rangatira of Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi]. Alexander Turnbull Library, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa National Library, Wellington. (1:57:08)

Video credits

Rangatahi Waitootara Awa Hiikoi file footage. (n.d.). [Videographer unknown]. Te Kaahui o Rauru, Whanganui. (1:52:29)

[Taranaki Maunga file footage]. (n.d.).[Videographer unknown]. Te Puna Umanga Venture Taranaki, New Plymouth.(1:52:45)

Broughton, Julian, (2020). Amateur drone footage of Taurangaika Paa and Tutahi Church. [State Highway 3, Nukumaru, Waitootara 4587, South Taranaki]. (1:52:55)

Hemopo, Karley, (2023). [Clouds over Matemateaaonga with Taranaki Maunga in the background]. Matemateaaonga Ranges, Taranaki. (1:53:18)

Hemopo, Karley, (2023). [Te Koohanga Reo o Te Wai-o-Turi]. Paatea, Taranaki. (1:52:58)

Ngaa Marae o Ngaa Rauru Kiitahi

Kai Iwi Marae, Rangitatau East Road, Kai Iwi. (1:54:33)

Kaipoo Marae, Waitootara Valley Rd, Waitootara. Rangatahi Waitootara Awa Hiikoi file footage. (n.d.). [Video photographer unknown]. Te Kaahui o Rauru. (1:53:51)

Paakaraka Marae, SH3, Paakaraka. (1:54:11)

Taipakee Marae, Rangitatau East Road, Kai Iwi. (1:54:20)

Takirau Marae, Waitootara. (1:53:58)

Tauranga Ika Marae, SH3, Nukumaru. (1:54:02)

Te Aroha Marae, 36 Rangitatau East Road, Kai Iwi. (1:54:27)

Te Ihupuku Marae, Ihupuku Marae Rd, Waitootara. (1:53:46)

Te Wai-o-Turi Marae, Lower Kaharoa Rd, Paatea. (1:53:20)

Te Wairoa Iti Marae, Brassey Str, Waverley. (1:53:34)

Waipapa Marae, Ngutuwera, Waitootara. (1:53:30)

Whenuakura Marae, 749 Paatea Rd, Whenuakura. (1:53:26)

(For more information, see Te Kaahui o Rauru: Our marae)